CVS log for SUO/Merge.txt

Slight revisions based on the MILO

More additions and corrections based on the MILO.

Corrections and additions based on the development of the mid-level
ontology.

Reworked 'located' branch of ontology and corrected several other small
problems

Several minor corrections.

Corrections of inconsistencies detected by the inference engine, and
revisions based on Deborah's comments.

Small corrections, as well as a new axiom for 'Pursuing' suggested
by Deborah.

Extra and revised axioms for 'ChangeOfPossession' and some of
its subclasses, and several small changes based on testing with
the inference engine.

A few minor corrections.

Just a few small changes since the previous version.

Corrected typos and several other small problems that became
apparent in testing the SUMO with the theorem-prover.

Corrected various errors pointed out by David Flater and Michal
Sevcenko.  Eliminated the constants 'DomainFn' and 'RangeFn',
because they were causing problems for the theorem-prover (all of
the axioms in which these constants appeared have been rewritten
using 'domain' and 'range').  Cleaned up some of the temporal axioms.
Made some clarifications in the 'NormativeAttribute' section on the
basis of Deborah Nichols' suggestions.

Contains many revisions that were motivated by the consistency-checking
tests.  This version of the SUMO passes all of the tests.  Other changes
include corrrections of various typos and new axiomatic machinery for
'Attributes' (see especially 'contraryAttribute' and 'exhaustiveAttribute').

Fixed some typos and revised the axioms concerning argument
type restrictions (axioms involving 'domain', 'domainSubclass',
'range', and 'rangeSubclass').

Contains several new axioms, as well as the correction for a
syntax error in the documentation string for 'Nation'.

Contains axioms for the "speech act" concepts (the subclasses of
'Communication).  Also contains an expanded 'NormativeAttribute'
hierarchy and numerous small corrections that were motivated by
the final set of verb mappings.

Contains some new list-based axioms for instances of
'VariableArityRelation', as well as numerous small
corrections.

Added several high-level concepts to support content in the
military ontology.  Incorporates numerous corrections based on
the formalization of the "Fact Book" and some browser-based
checking.

Incorporates various revisions motivated by the mappings to
substance types and temporal notions in WordNet and by the
ATO model.  Since the WordNet noun mappings are now
complete, the SUMO ontology should be fairly stable from this
point on.

Additional changes to the 'Process' branch of the ontology.  Also
revamped the 'Attribute' hierarchy, by adding some mid-level concepts
that may serve a useful indexing function, e.g. 'InternalAttribute'
versus 'RelationalAttribute'.

The biggest change is that the 'Process' hierarchy has been
substantially cleaned up.  A couple dozen new axioms have been
added, constants that were used only infrequently in the mappings
and that could not be axiomatized were eliminated, and some
vaguenesses and redundancies in the hierarchy were resolved.
Also several problems pointed out by Michal Sevcenko have
been corrected.

Numerous small changes, and added several plant types to
accommodate some of the mappings to the botanical hierarchy
in WordNet.

Numerous small revisions to the 'Process' subhierarchy to correct
problems pointed out by Adam Pease.  Moved the subhierarchy
under 'SocialRole' to 'Attribute'.  Added function
'TemporalCompositionFn' to mirror the "hath" predicate proposed
by Jerry Hobbs.

Added subclasses of 'Food' and subclasses of 'GeographicArea'
to cover new WordNet mappings.  Modified some of the temporal
concepts on the basis of Jerry Hobbs' revised desiderata.
Addressed Pierre Grenon's criticisms of the SUMO mereotopology.

Includes Chris Menzel's formalization of lists, high-level concepts
in Olga Babko-Malaya's terrain ontology, and corrections for
various problems pointed out by Douglas Miles.

Includes new probability relations, linguistic concepts developed
by Scott Farrar, and new temporal concepts that were defined
on the basis of Jerry Hobbs' desiderata.  Also, in this version, the
'NormativeProperty' and 'NormativeProposition' branches of the
ontology have been merged into a single, cohesive structure under
'NormativeProperty'.

A couple dozen structural axioms have been rewritten with row
variables (variables with the '@' prefix), functions like 'KiloFn', 'PicoFn',
etc. have been defined (these functions permit units of measure
like "nanoampere" to be stated compositionally), the subhierarchy
relating to organizations has been cleaned up somewhat (the group
notion and the legal notion are now more sharply distinguished),
and finally the mappings to anatomical structures and cognitive
predicates in WordNet have prompted many miscellaneous
extensions and refinements in this version.

Includes bibliographic concepts, formalization of graph theory, and
mappings to the WordNet artifact and attribute hierarchies.

Incorporates changes to 'SpatialRelations' suggested by Tony
Cohn, as well as refinements/extensions of the 'Artifact' hierarchy
based on the WordNet mapping project.  Also eliminates some
engineering terminology (e.g. 'Junction' and 'Terminal') that is too
domain-specific for an upper-level ontology.

The two major changes in this version are:  (i.)  the organism
taxonomy has been substantially extended and refined on the
basis of approximately 8,000 WordNet mappings, and (ii.) Jay
Halcomb's ontology of high-level, Chemistry-related concepts has
been incorporated.  The latter additions are chiefly under 'Substance'
and 'Process' in the SUMO.

Aside from correcting various problems pointed out by Adam, Jay,
and Olga, the source file has been completely reorganized to make
the structure of the ontology modular.  The documentation for this
new design is included at the beginning of the file.  Note that this
design has no effect on the appearance of the ontology in the
browser, but it does permit selective use of components of the
SUMO.

Incorporates several additions to and modifications of the
'Process' subontology.  Since all of the verbal nouns in
WordNet have now been mapped to the SUMO, this
subontology is probably fairly stable at this point.  This version
of the SUMO also incorporates corrections of problems
pointed out by Olga and Jay.

Includes units of measure for volume and density, contains some
new axioms to facilitate inferencing, and incorporates several
dozen new subclass of 'Process' that were motivated by the
WordNet mapping project.

Incorporates a couple dozen new concepts and associated axioms
that were motivated by the WordNet mapping project.  Also includes
a subontology of organizational concepts (see 'OrganizationUnit' and
concepts subsumed by it) that was borrowed from the TOVE
enterprise model and refined on the basis of input from the SUO
mailing list.

Incorporates truth values and a truth value function defined by
Jay Halcomb.  Also includes an extensive revision of the relation
type hierarchy so that functions and predicates with the same
relational structure can be related to one another.  Finally,
problems about the relation between 'TimeInterval' and
'TimeDuration' have been corrected.

Aside from many small changes, this version incorporates a
formalization of the theory of speech acts done by Jay
Halcomb and corrections prompted by criticisms
voiced at the SUO workshop at IJCAI 2001.

Incorporates several new attributes and predicates from the
"Slot Dictionary" (hosted at the University of Texas) and an
unpublished paper on spatial concepts written by Iris Tommelein
and Anil Gupta.  The Process hierarchy has also been fleshed out
considerably on the basis of Beth Levin's work "English Verb
Classes and Alternations."  Finally, many of the term names have
been changed in this version to eliminate vacuous prepositions
and to accord with the Java-style naming convention.

Incorporates a revision of all of the docu-strings in the SUMO.
Includes approximately 100 new axioms, which specify formally
what had previously only been part of the documentation.  Also
incorporates changes prompted by Chris Menzel's critique of the
SUMO.

Incorporates part of Chris Menzel's revamped structural ontology
(essentially the part that does not depend on row variables).  Also
includes some new general concepts relating to social roles and
semiotics.  Finally, many typos have been corrected in this version
on the basis of a browser-based review and Patrick Cassidy's
comments.

Incorporates content from the SUO-KIF version of Wilkins' ontology,
as well as the core of PSL.  It also includes many new axioms and
new docu-strings.  This is the "first release" of the merged ontology.

Aside from numerous small changes, this version incorporates
content from the Enterprise Ontology and five ITBM-CNR ontologies
(Unrestricted-Time, Representation, Anatomy, Biologic-Functions,
and Biologic-Substances).

Incorporates the following ITBM-CNR ontologies:  topic, meronymy,
topology, topo-morphology, localization, assessment, structuring-
concepts, and physical-concepts.  Also includes the revision of the
"Quantities and Units of Measure" section done by Helena Sofia
Pinto of the Instituto Superior Tecnico in Portgual.

Incorporates the following ontologies:  component-assemblies,
product-ontology, physical-quantities, scalar-quantities,  and
unary-scalar-functions (all from the Ontolingua server),  and
top-level and social-objects (developed by ITBM-CNR).

Incorporates abstract-algebra, kif-extensions, kif-relations, kif-sets,
and portions of frame-ontology and okbc-ontology (all six of which
are ontologies on the Ontolingua server).  Also resolves numerous
problems noted by Adam Pease and Pat Hayes.

Incorporates three new ontologies:  Standard Dimensions (from
the Ontolingua server) and the Quantities and Actors ontologies
(from ITBM-CNR).  It also includes numerous revisions suggested
by Pat Hayes, as well as selectional restrictions on the
mathematical functions and predicates that were lacking them.

Purged philosophical elements from the docu-strings.
Incorporated content from Robert E. Kent's emails into the ontology.
Merged the general, mereotopological axioms from the "Theory of
Holes" with the mereotopological section, and eliminated what
remained of this theory (since it is very controversial and purely of
philosophical interest).

Incorporates the Simple-Time ontology (from the Ontolingua server)
and the Positions ontology (from ITBM-CNR).  The tip of the ontology
has been simplified by eliminating concepts that are of purely philosophical
interest, and the temporal axioms have been heavily revised on the
basis of Pat Hayes' comments.

Incorporates the Natural-Kinds ontology (from ITBM-CNR) and the
Standard-Units ontology (from the Ontolingua server).  Also includes
numerous changes designed to enhance readability.

Incorporates substantial revision of Sowa's predicate hierarchy
and merges the Agents and Numbers ontologies from the
Ontolingua server.

Clean-up of previous version.  This will be submitted as part of the
"bridge funding" deliverable for the SUO project.

Incorporates Chris Menzel's KIF formalization of the top of Sowa's
upper ontology.  It also resolves some inconsistencies and
infelicities with earlier versions.

Initial check-in of the merge of the SUO ontology sources